With the increasing focus on high performance, sports science studies the physiques and technicalities, how it works during play and training and develop methods for improving performance of the respective individual in his choice of sports and/or physical activity. The science usually incorporates and uses other areas of expertise like exercise physiology, fitness testing and training, motion analysis, biomechanics, research etc, and helps enhance performance using cumulative action of all these methodologies. A sports scientist should be able to understand the difference between undertraining and overtraining, create individualised routines and focus on periodization to plan for major tournaments.